#umask 0 → 0(000) XOR 6(110) = 6(110) = rw-
#umask 1 → 1(001) XOR 6(110) = 7(111) = rwx
#umask 2 → 2(010) XOR 6(110) = 4(100) = r–
#umask 3 → 3(011) XOR 6(110) = 5(101) = r-x
#umask 4 → 4(100) XOR 6(110) = 2(010) = -w-
#umask 5 → 5(101) XOR 6(110) = 3(011) = -wx
#umask 6 → 6(110) XOR 6(110) = 0(000) = —
#umask 7 → 7(111) XOR 6(110) = 1(001) = –x